Difference between revisions of "Archive:Jáhkarrá language"
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==Phonology== | ==Phonology== | ||
===Consonants=== | ===Consonants=== | ||
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Jáhkarrá does not distinguish voicing. All consonants can be long (geminated). | |||
===Vowels=== | ===Vowels=== | ||
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|ɑ | |ɑ | ||
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The vowels /a/, /ɔ/ and /e/ may be analysed as having an underlying chroneme, which surfaces as vowel length in open syllables and syllables with a single coda consonant but not if the vowel is followed by a long consonant. The case of /i/ is more complex since it occurs both with and without the chroneme, but before consonants the chroneme becomes /j/, effectively forming a cluster. In final position, long and short /i/ effectively contrast, but on the whole vowel length is not distinctive. | |||
Jáhkarrá also has the diphthongs /uɔ/, /ie/, /eɑ/ and /ɔɑ/. | |||
===Stress=== | |||
Jáhkarrá stress is non-fixed but predictable. Stress is on the first superheavy syllable, that is, on the first vowel followed by more than a single consonant. If no such syllables are present, the last underlyingly long vowel or diphthong receives stress. If a word has none of the aforementioned vowels, stress falls on the penultimate syllable. | |||
===Phonotactics=== | ===Phonotactics=== |
Revision as of 15:21, 1 October 2018
Jáhkarrá | |
---|---|
Jáhkarrá | |
Pronunciation | [ˈjahːkɑrːaː] |
Region | Atsiq |
Native speakers | 800,000 (2018) |
Language family | Isolate
|
Writing system | Jáhka script |
Official status | |
Official language in | Jáhkavarra |
CWS code | – |
The Jáhkarrá language is the sole official language of the country of Jáhkavarra. Spoken by about 800,000 people, it is classified as a language isolate, with a postulated genetic relationship to the Osveraali languages remaining doubtful.
Background
Phonology
Consonants
Bilabial | Labio-dental | Dental | Alveolar | Postalveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nasal | m | n nʲ | ŋ | |||||
Plosive | p | t tʲ | k | |||||
Fricative | θ | s | ʃ | h | ||||
Affricate | t͡s | t͡ʃ | ||||||
Approximant | ʋ | j | ||||||
Trill | r | |||||||
Lateral app. | l |
Jáhkarrá does not distinguish voicing. All consonants can be long (geminated).
Vowels
Front | Near-front | Back | |
---|---|---|---|
Close | i | u | |
Close-mid | e | ||
Open-mid | ɔ | ||
Near-open | æ | ||
Open | a | ɑ |
The vowels /a/, /ɔ/ and /e/ may be analysed as having an underlying chroneme, which surfaces as vowel length in open syllables and syllables with a single coda consonant but not if the vowel is followed by a long consonant. The case of /i/ is more complex since it occurs both with and without the chroneme, but before consonants the chroneme becomes /j/, effectively forming a cluster. In final position, long and short /i/ effectively contrast, but on the whole vowel length is not distinctive.
Jáhkarrá also has the diphthongs /uɔ/, /ie/, /eɑ/ and /ɔɑ/.
Stress
Jáhkarrá stress is non-fixed but predictable. Stress is on the first superheavy syllable, that is, on the first vowel followed by more than a single consonant. If no such syllables are present, the last underlyingly long vowel or diphthong receives stress. If a word has none of the aforementioned vowels, stress falls on the penultimate syllable.