Difference between revisions of "Dahaz language"

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{{Infobox language
{{Infobox language
|name          = Dahaz
|name          = Koman
|altname      = Kharadahaz, Dahaz avän
|altname      = Kāman, Kāman ëbëm
|nativename    = {{cs|DAD|Dahaz}}
|nativename    = {{cs|DAD|Dahaz}}
|pronunciation = /'daʷhaβæ/
|pronunciation = /'kɒman‿əβəm/
|states (state) = [[Khara-Dahaz]]
|states (state) = [[Khara-Dahaz]]
|region        =  Vaniu
|region        =  Vaniua
|latd  =  | latm  = | latNS  =  <!-- latitude degrees/minutes/direction -->
|latd  =  | latm  = | latNS  =  <!-- latitude degrees/minutes/direction -->
|longd =  | longm = | longEW =  <!-- longitude degrees/minutes/direction -->
|longd =  | longm = | longEW =  <!-- longitude degrees/minutes/direction -->
|ethnicity    =  Dahaz people
|ethnicity    =  Koman people
|speakers      = 40 million  
|speakers      = 40 million  
|date          = 2015-2017
|date          = 2015-2017
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|ancestor2      =  Proto-Eastern Vaniuan
|ancestor2      =  Proto-Eastern Vaniuan
|ancestor3          = Kalkali
|ancestor3          = Kalkali
|ancestor4          = Middle Dahaz
|ancestor4          = Middle Koman
|ancestor5          = Classical Dahaz
|ancestor5          = Classical Koman
|posteriori    = no
|posteriori    = no
|dia1          =  
|dia1          =  
|dialects      = Shar, Shanga and Tarash dialects
|dialects      = Toroch, Shereva and Jovaic dialects
|script        = [[Vaniuan script]], [[Mahavic script]]
|script        = [[Vaniuan script]], [[Mahavic script]]
|nation        = [[Khara-Dahaz]]
|nation        = [[Khara-Dahaz]]
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|map          = Dahaz Lenguasphere3.png
|map          = Dahaz Lenguasphere3.png
|mapsize      =  
|mapsize      =  
|mapalt        = A map showing the areas where Dahaz is mainly spoken, exluding foreign Dahaz.  
|mapalt        = A map showing the areas where Koman is mainly spoken, exluding foreign Koman.  
|mapcaption    = Dark blue = majority; light blue = minority
|mapcaption    = Dark blue = majority; light blue = minority
}}
}}


'''Dahaz''' (''Dahaz'', /'daʷhaβæ/) is a [[Vaniuan language]] spoken in [[Khara-Dahaz]]. It has 40 million native speakers and is mainly spoken by the Dahaz people in [[Khara-Dahaz]] and elsewhere in Vaniu. Dahaz belongs to the Eastern Vaniuan branch of the Vaniuan language family. Main influences can be attributed to Mahavic languages and Bothanian with some loanwords mainly of Shesin and Sotanese origin. The most noticeable distinctions between Dahaz and other Vaniuan languages is the large corpus of Mahavic loanwords and a heavily Labialized and Palatalised phonology with certain features such as possession which is rather uncommon among Vaniuan languages.  
'''Koman''' (''Kāman'', /'kɒman‿əβəm/) is a [[Vaniuan language]] spoken in [[Khara-Dahaz]]. It has 40 million native speakers and is mainly spoken by the Koman people in [[Khara-Dahaz]] and elsewhere in Vaniu. Koman belongs to the Eastern Vaniuan branch of the Vaniuan language family. Main influences can be attributed to Mahavic languages and Bothanian with some loanwords mainly of Saopyulieg and Sotanese origin. The most noticeable distinctions between Koman and other Vaniuan languages is the large corpus of Mahavic loanwords and lack of gender which is only seen in certain pronouns.


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==Phonology==
==Phonology==
===Consonants===
===Consonants===
The following tables lists the consonants and vowels of the standard Shar Koyu dialect. The consonants enclosed in parentheses are considered as allophones.  
The following tables lists the consonants and vowels of the standard Koshajva dialect. The consonants enclosed in parentheses are considered as allophones.  
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 660px; text-align:center;"
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 660px; text-align:center;"
! style="width: 68px; "|
! style="width: 68px; "|
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|  
|  
|  
|  
| n (nʲ)
| n
|
|
|
|
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|-
|-
! style="" |Plosive
! style="" |Plosive
| p b (bʲ)
| p b  
|  
|  
|  
|  
| t (tʲ) d (dʲ)
| t d
|  
|  
|
|
|
|
|
|
| k (kʲ) g (gʲ)
| k g
| q
| q
|  
|  
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! style="" |Fricative
! style="" |Fricative
| β
| β
| f
| θ
| ð (ðʲ)
| ð
| s z
| s z
| ʃ  (ʃʲ)
| ʒ
| ʐ
| ʂ
|  
|  
|
|
| x (xʲ) (xʷ)
|  
| ʁ
| ʁ
| h (hʲ)
| h
|-
|-
! style="" |Affricate
! style="" |Affricate
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|  
|  
|  
|  
| l (lʲ)
| l
|  
|  
|
|
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| i (i:) y
| i (i:) y
|  
|  
| ɨ
|  
|  
| u (u:)
|  
| ɯ u (u:)
|-
|-
! style="" |Near-close
! style="" |Near-close
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|-
|-
! style="" |Close-mid
! style="" |Close-mid
|   ø
| e
|  
|  
|  
|  
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|  
|  
|  
|  
|  
| ə
|  
|  
|  
|  
|-
|-
! style="" |Open-mid
! style="" |Open-mid
| ɛ (ʲɛ) (ɛʷ) (ʷɛ)
|  
|  
|  
|  
|  
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|-
|-
! style="" |Open
! style="" |Open
| a (aʷ) (ʷa)
| a
|  
|  
|  
|  
|  
|  
| ɑ
| ɒ
|}
|}
===Phonotactics===
===Phonotactics===

Revision as of 18:52, 17 April 2017

Koman
Kāman, Kāman ëbëm
Dahaz
Pronunciation/'kɒman‿əβəm/
RegionVaniua
EthnicityKoman people
Native speakers40 million  (2015-2017)
Language family
Early forms:
Proto-Vaniuan
  • Proto-Eastern Vaniuan
    • Kalkali
      • Middle Koman
        • Classical Koman
          • Koman
DialectsToroch, Shereva and Jovaic dialects
Writing systemVaniuan script, Mahavic script
Official status
Official language inKhara-Dahaz
Regulated byImperial Lenguistic Council
CWS codeDAD
A map showing the areas where Koman is mainly spoken, exluding foreign Koman.
Dark blue = majority; light blue = minority

Koman (Kāman, /'kɒman‿əβəm/) is a Vaniuan language spoken in Khara-Dahaz. It has 40 million native speakers and is mainly spoken by the Koman people in Khara-Dahaz and elsewhere in Vaniu. Koman belongs to the Eastern Vaniuan branch of the Vaniuan language family. Main influences can be attributed to Mahavic languages and Bothanian with some loanwords mainly of Saopyulieg and Sotanese origin. The most noticeable distinctions between Koman and other Vaniuan languages is the large corpus of Mahavic loanwords and lack of gender which is only seen in certain pronouns.


Name

The language itself is natively known as Dahaz avän, Kharadahaz or simply Dahaz, pronounced /'daʷhaβæ/, /xɑra'daʷha/, /'daʷha/ accordingly.

History

The first records of the earliest form of the language can be traced back to the 7th century where inscriptions in stone pillars were found in the eastern region of the northern Vaniuan steppes in the former Dahaz Tabazate, a remaining tribe of the Kali people who settled along the Tama river and consecutively assimilated large portions of Mahavic peoples. The first known dynasty in the region was that of the Kalkali Tabazate in the 10th - 12th centuries who spoke a variation of the Proto-Eastern Vaniuan language, who would later fall to strong Mahavic influences.

Dahaz is considered as the direct descendant of the later form of the Kalkali language, known as Middle Dahaz, proved to be highly affected by foreign influences deforming its purity. Middle Dahaz served as the Vaniuan literary language, for the later state of the Great Horde and the Khara-Dahaz state, replacing the Golden speech which was brought by Mahavic peoples as a later form of the Jovic languages.


Phonology

Consonants

The following tables lists the consonants and vowels of the standard Koshajva dialect. The consonants enclosed in parentheses are considered as allophones.

Bilabial Labio-dental Dental Alveolar Post-alveolar Retroflex Palatal Labio-velar Velar Uvular Glottal
Nasal m n ŋ
Plosive p b t d k g q
Fricative β θ ð s z ʒ ʂ ʁ h
Affricate
Approximant j w
Rhotic r
Lateral app. l

Vowels

Front Near-front Central Near-back Back
Close i (i:) y ɯ u (u:)
Near-close
Close-mid e o (o:)
Mid ə
Open-mid
Near-open æ
Open a ɒ

Phonotactics

Orthography

Grammar

Morphology

Syntax

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