Difference between revisions of "History of Soltenna"
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==Prehistory== | ==Prehistory== | ||
During glacial periods of the [[Wikipedia:Quaternary|Quaternary]], when sea levels were lower, Soltenna and much of the Akulanen archipelago were part of a single landmass. It also created land bridges linking the Mirarian continent to [[Ekuosia]] and [[Nagu]]. These land bridges were the Veridian land bridge in the [[Veridia|Veridian peninsula]], the Draconic land bridge in western Maritime Soltenna and the Draconic Islands, and the Terminian land bridge in Akulanen, although the latter didn't form during the Last Glacial Maximum. Jikhein Sea and Amiyant Sea, bordered by the Sialan and Xynden Isles respectively, had became lakes. | |||
Modern humans originating from Ekuosia migrated to Soltenna through the two bridges. The first wave of migrations to Soltenna is dated to around 50,000 BCE, where humans migrated primarily through the Terminian land bridge. They, along with humans from other waves and those migrating from the Veridian land bridge, would comprise a significant part of Mirarian human population today. Genetic and archaeological studies of [[Lake Soltenna]] and [[Yená Basin]] populations trace their ancestral origins to Northwest Mirarian tribes inhabiting north of Suenia River. | |||
==Ancient era== | ==Ancient era== | ||
Much of Soltennan ancient history is centered around the river valleys of [[Central Basin]]. The region encompasses the [[Cuáma River|Cuáma]] and [[Acre (river)|Acre rivers]], as well as its river basin. The Ancient Riyan name '''Argaṭ'' translates to "(Two) Flowing Waters", which refers to the two rivers; it can also be interpreted as an area between [[Lake Soltenna]] and the [[Amiyant Sea]]. Central Basin's favorable climate and soil fertility allowed it to be the site to one of the world's earliest civilizations. | |||
=== | ===Neolithic=== | ||
{{ | Cultures identified as Neolithic in the continent can be traced back to 7,000{{nbsp}}BCE. Cassava and yam was first cultivated on around 6,000{{nbsp}}BCE in Akulanen. Early evidence of oat cultivation in a Yená River site is carbon-dated to 4,400{{nbsp}}BCE. Proto-Vaniuans started to migrate west into Soltenna on 3,500{{nbsp}}BCE, bringing with them [[Wikipedia:Emmer|emmer wheat]], which then proliferated as the staple food in much of Mainland Soltenna. | ||
(Name) culture of Suvec, dating back to 5500{{nbsp}}BCE, built some of the oldest known sites of neolithic settlements in the region. They practiced a sedentary, agricultural lifestyle. Early evidence of writing in the region is found in the (Northern Riyan) site near Leibhmobhn. Carbon-dated to 4,000{{nbsp}}BCE, these pottery artifacts displaying pictogram markings were theorized to be divination records, possibly ancestral to modern Qonklese characters. The (Sév) site (3,500{{nbsp}}BCE) housed large numbers of Neolithic artifacts, which suggested a large permanent settlement and possibly an early form of civilization. | |||
Ngerupic peoples trace their origins to | ===Predynastic era=== | ||
Soltenna's predynastic era starts from around 4000{{nbsp}}BCE, and is marked by the rise of Bronze Age cultures and migrations of [[Ngerupic peoples|Ngerupic]] and [[Rietic peoples]]. | |||
Ngerupic peoples trace their origins to the Wa culture in modern-day [[Magali]], related to the older Oã' culture. They expanded by sea and founding settlements on around 3000 BCE. Rietic peoples originate from mainland Soltenna, migrating on a similar timeframe. Archaeological and linguistic analysis placed varying theories over the group's origins; the widely held theory placed their urheimat to a portion of the [[Rietic Mountains]] in central [[Kadya]], approximately on the site of the Raortann culture. | |||
===Early dynasties=== | ===Early dynasties=== | ||
Dynastic era in Soltenna started on around 2000{{nbsp}}BCE, when the first Basin dynasties arose. | |||
Qonklese history traditionally dates back to 2520 BCE to the time of Elder Wa, a kingdom (presumably a city-state) situated in the Amiyant Sea basin, considered mythical by historians. Archaeological findings in the Bruvlán site suggested a Qonklese settlement dating back to 2050 BCE, but its relationship with Elder Wa is disputed. [[Dynastic Wa]], a Qonklese civilization originating from around modern [[Cuáma]], was first confirmed by scientific studies in 1962 after excavations at the Iobhré site revealed Bronze Age artifacts{{emdash}}pottery and small statues believed to be Qonklese in origin{{emdash}}radiocarbon-dated to 1600{{nbsp}}BCE. According to the antiquity-era historical record ''Chronicle of Ancients'', the Wa reigned from around its traditional founding year of 2520 BCE until its fall in 1450{{nbsp}}BCE, spanning primarily within the lowlands of the Central Basin. Later excavations of nearby Ancient Qonklese sites found several artifacts linked to those found in the Iobhré site, which confirmed the existence of Dynastic Wa. | |||
The first dynasty of [[Ire]], also known as Ire I, was founded by (Nameson) and reigned from 1800 to 1410{{nbsp}}BCE. ''Chronicle of Ancients'' wrote that in its peak, Ire I reigned over large swaths of the river Acre, reaching as far as the [[Rietic Mountains]] in Kadya. Ire I's existence is confirmed by archaeological evidence found in the Håwret site, which uncovered artifacts with several logographic inscriptions resembling Qonklese characters, and ones considerably similar to artifacts from later Iris dynasties. | |||
Much of lowland river Acre (and Cuáma River) is navigable by boat and housed a great number of fertile soil, allowing Basin dynasties to profit and expand from their large swaths of agricultural land and trade along the rivers. | |||
<!--The dynasty was described to have ruled between 1640 and 1310 BCE and ruled the area described as the "Land of the Two Great Waters", which includes modern [[Cuáma]] and Cuámbhail Province. Their capital is located on (Name) on modern Bruvlás. First Dynasties derived much of their state income from their large agricultural output, thanks to their network of irrigation systems and Acre riverside's largely fertile soil. New lands to the east became subject to First Dynasty's economically motivated expansion. | |||
===Warring states=== | First Dynasty's reign ended on around 1300 BCE as the nearby Qonklese (Naame) Dynasty conquered the capital (Name), taking over the dynasty's original heartland in the process. However as a result, local chiefs of eastern First Dynasty broke off to found the Second Dynasty as they decline to submit to their new Qonklese emperor. --> | ||
===Warring states period=== | |||
==Antiquity== | ==Antiquity== | ||
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* [[Timeline of Soltennan history]] | * [[Timeline of Soltennan history]] | ||
[[Category:Soltenna | [[Category:History of Soltenna|*]] | ||
Latest revision as of 11:37, 22 April 2021
The history of Soltenna is very long and complex due to its long history of written records and centralized states. From the earliest writing in what is now Qonklaks through the Avite Empire's expansion from what is now Lugida, to the formation of the Soltennan Council, Soltenna's history is both a combination of domestic achievements and a microcosm of wider Sahar history.
Prehistory
During glacial periods of the Quaternary, when sea levels were lower, Soltenna and much of the Akulanen archipelago were part of a single landmass. It also created land bridges linking the Mirarian continent to Ekuosia and Nagu. These land bridges were the Veridian land bridge in the Veridian peninsula, the Draconic land bridge in western Maritime Soltenna and the Draconic Islands, and the Terminian land bridge in Akulanen, although the latter didn't form during the Last Glacial Maximum. Jikhein Sea and Amiyant Sea, bordered by the Sialan and Xynden Isles respectively, had became lakes.
Modern humans originating from Ekuosia migrated to Soltenna through the two bridges. The first wave of migrations to Soltenna is dated to around 50,000 BCE, where humans migrated primarily through the Terminian land bridge. They, along with humans from other waves and those migrating from the Veridian land bridge, would comprise a significant part of Mirarian human population today. Genetic and archaeological studies of Lake Soltenna and Yená Basin populations trace their ancestral origins to Northwest Mirarian tribes inhabiting north of Suenia River.
Ancient era
Much of Soltennan ancient history is centered around the river valleys of Central Basin. The region encompasses the Cuáma and Acre rivers, as well as its river basin. The Ancient Riyan name 'Argaṭ translates to "(Two) Flowing Waters", which refers to the two rivers; it can also be interpreted as an area between Lake Soltenna and the Amiyant Sea. Central Basin's favorable climate and soil fertility allowed it to be the site to one of the world's earliest civilizations.
Neolithic
Cultures identified as Neolithic in the continent can be traced back to 7,000 BCE. Cassava and yam was first cultivated on around 6,000 BCE in Akulanen. Early evidence of oat cultivation in a Yená River site is carbon-dated to 4,400 BCE. Proto-Vaniuans started to migrate west into Soltenna on 3,500 BCE, bringing with them emmer wheat, which then proliferated as the staple food in much of Mainland Soltenna.
(Name) culture of Suvec, dating back to 5500 BCE, built some of the oldest known sites of neolithic settlements in the region. They practiced a sedentary, agricultural lifestyle. Early evidence of writing in the region is found in the (Northern Riyan) site near Leibhmobhn. Carbon-dated to 4,000 BCE, these pottery artifacts displaying pictogram markings were theorized to be divination records, possibly ancestral to modern Qonklese characters. The (Sév) site (3,500 BCE) housed large numbers of Neolithic artifacts, which suggested a large permanent settlement and possibly an early form of civilization.
Predynastic era
Soltenna's predynastic era starts from around 4000 BCE, and is marked by the rise of Bronze Age cultures and migrations of Ngerupic and Rietic peoples.
Ngerupic peoples trace their origins to the Wa culture in modern-day Magali, related to the older Oã' culture. They expanded by sea and founding settlements on around 3000 BCE. Rietic peoples originate from mainland Soltenna, migrating on a similar timeframe. Archaeological and linguistic analysis placed varying theories over the group's origins; the widely held theory placed their urheimat to a portion of the Rietic Mountains in central Kadya, approximately on the site of the Raortann culture.
Early dynasties
Dynastic era in Soltenna started on around 2000 BCE, when the first Basin dynasties arose.
Qonklese history traditionally dates back to 2520 BCE to the time of Elder Wa, a kingdom (presumably a city-state) situated in the Amiyant Sea basin, considered mythical by historians. Archaeological findings in the Bruvlán site suggested a Qonklese settlement dating back to 2050 BCE, but its relationship with Elder Wa is disputed. Dynastic Wa, a Qonklese civilization originating from around modern Cuáma, was first confirmed by scientific studies in 1962 after excavations at the Iobhré site revealed Bronze Age artifacts—pottery and small statues believed to be Qonklese in origin—radiocarbon-dated to 1600 BCE. According to the antiquity-era historical record Chronicle of Ancients, the Wa reigned from around its traditional founding year of 2520 BCE until its fall in 1450 BCE, spanning primarily within the lowlands of the Central Basin. Later excavations of nearby Ancient Qonklese sites found several artifacts linked to those found in the Iobhré site, which confirmed the existence of Dynastic Wa.
The first dynasty of Ire, also known as Ire I, was founded by (Nameson) and reigned from 1800 to 1410 BCE. Chronicle of Ancients wrote that in its peak, Ire I reigned over large swaths of the river Acre, reaching as far as the Rietic Mountains in Kadya. Ire I's existence is confirmed by archaeological evidence found in the Håwret site, which uncovered artifacts with several logographic inscriptions resembling Qonklese characters, and ones considerably similar to artifacts from later Iris dynasties.
Much of lowland river Acre (and Cuáma River) is navigable by boat and housed a great number of fertile soil, allowing Basin dynasties to profit and expand from their large swaths of agricultural land and trade along the rivers.
Warring states period
Antiquity
Letsatian expansion
On 25 CE, Letsatia started to conquer Akulanen, thus beginning the Letsatian expansion into Miraria. Letsatia would then continue to conquer most of Akulanen lands and the Gulf of Sharkunen, turning the region into Letsatian colonies. During this period, Ekuosian influence in Soltenna flourished, and Soltenna saw a rapid growth in technology and economy. This period also marked the zenith of Ekuosian influence on Soltenna.
The conquests brought immediate attention from both Soltennan and Vaniuan empires and dynasties at the time. One extreme example is Qonklaks' Lou Dynasty. Under the fear of Letsatia eliminating or superseding Qonklese influence in Soltenna, the dynasty gathered representatives from Soltennan dynasties to gain support for a joint war against Letsatia. Included among these is Lugida's Altha Dynasty whose coastal area was lost to the empire. The dynasties unanimously decided to launch a joint war beginning in 90 CE. Military progress would remain stagnant on both sides throughout the war. Eventually the war exhausted most of the dynasties' treasuries, effectively sparking numerous internal conflicts within the dynasties which caused Lou Dynasty to break apart into five states. This marks the beginning of the dynastic system's decline in the Sharkunen basin in favor of the Letsatian system of governance.
Letsatia adopted Iovism on around 112 CE and it began to spread throughout much of the Sharkunen basin. Iovism was met with initial resistance from many people already adhering to their indigenous religions, including Yerlanis and Lugids. Iovism only began to be widely accepted on around 136 CE through its two branches. One is called Avism, which originated in Lugida near modern-day Kitlimis. It spread within Lugida, but remained confined in the region before the 3rd century CE. The other is Pauegism from Vaniu.
Peace of Galadrosia, followed by a series of civil wars across Letsatia-occupied Miraria, crippled the Letsatian Empire's influence and power in Miraria. Severe impact of the wars prompted Letsatian emperor Madrandas to end his support for the Mirarian colonization, until eventually the empire left Miraria almost completely on around 191 CE. By this time the former Letsatian lands in the Sharkunen Basin have broken apart into numerous empires ruled by indigenous people.