Archive:Modern Garuhish

Standard Garuhish
Gueruxilfol
Pronunciation	[gəɾu'xilfol]
Language family	(TBA) Garuhish Standard Garuhish
Early forms:	Proto-Garuhish Middle Garuhish Standard Garuhish
Dialects	Western Garuhish Central Garuhish Eastern Garuhish
Writing system	(WIP)
Official status
Official language in	Garohe
CWS code	MGQ

Modern Standard Garuhish is a {soon to be Saru-Asuran} language spoken in the island nation of Garohe, spoken predominantly on the main island Akuvi, and as a second language in the island of Onakia, where the Jutean-Garuhish Creole is preferred.

The standard variety of the language, also known as "City Garuhish", is spoken primarily in the big cities and settlements in Garohe, especially in it's capital city of Tseumuz {subject to change}; as well as by most foreigners who decide to learn the language.

Standard Garuhish is mainly used in extremely formal situations. The government uses the standard when making public announcements and diplomatic visits and meeting with other countries; however, each individual province is free to use its main dialect when making announcements to its native populace. A great deal of publicity and ad campaigns are also made using the standard, to reach a wider audience.

The standard is also used when writing scientific papers, news articles (in the case of the main cities and/or nation-wide news networks) and official documents.

Phonology

Consonants

	Bilabial	Labio-dental	Dental	Alveolar	Post-alveolar	Velar	Glottal
Nasal	m			n
Plosive	p b			t d		k g
Fricative		f v	θ ð	s z	ʃ ʒ	x ɣ	h
Approximant				l
Trill				r*
Flap				ɾ

*Only occurs at the beginning of words.

Vowels

	Front	Central	Back
Close	i y		u
Close-mid	e ø		o
Mid		ə
Open-mid			ɔ:
Near-open	æ
Open	a		ɑ

Polyphthongs	ɐu	ɪu	ɜo	ɜi	ɐi	ɔu	ɐe	ɔi	ʊa	ʊo	ɪe	ɪa	ɪo

Standard Garuhish stress is always placed on the penultimate syllable of the word, and the stress always falls on the root morpheme of the word, regardless of any affixes present. Stress is optionally marked with an acute accent (´) when affixes are present.

Phonotactics

{None as of now}

Orthography

The following is a table containing the IPA values for Modern Standard Garuhish and its corresponding letter in the script {when finished}, as well as the romanization.

/m/

/n/

/p/

/b/

/t/

/d/

/k/

/g/

/f/

/v/

/θ/

/ð/

/s/

/z/

/ʃ/

/ʒ/

/x/

/ɣ/

/h/

/l/

/ɾ/, /r/

/i/

/y/

/u/

/e/

/ø/

/o/

/ə/

/ɔ:/

/æ/

/a/

/ɑ/

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

m

n

p

b

t

d

k

g

f

v

th

dh

s

z

sh

zh

x

q

h

l

r

i

y

u

e

o

oe

ue, eu

oa

ea

a

ao

{Script is WIP}

Grammar

Morphology

Derivation in Modern Garuhish (in it's current state) is a cacophony and a clusterfuck of nonsense created by the fact that at the time of its conception, I had no idea about how to derive stuff. It will be fixed in the (hopefully) near future.

Cases

Modern Standard Garuhish has 18 grammatical cases, in singular and plural forms:

• Nominative
• Accusative
• Genitive
• Possessive (used in conjunction with the Genitive case)
• Inessive
• Ectessive
• Intrative
• Circumlative
• Subessive
• Superessive
• Ablative
• Andative
• Antessive
• Postessive
• Sociative
• Abessive
• Instrumental
• Qualitative (used as a way to express color)

For all of the above, if a noun is uncountable, the plural forms do not apply.

Adjectives

Adjectives follow the noun they are modifying To form adjectives, the following rules are applied:

• If the last vowel in the noun is o, suffix the noun with a, and vice-versa.
• If the last vowel in the noun is u, suffix the noun with e, and vice-versa.
• If the last vowel in the noun is y, suffix the noun with i, and vice-versa.

Verbs

To form verbs, the following rules are applied:

• Suffix the noun with br when it ends with b, or m.
• Suffix the noun with dr when it ends with d, dh, or n.
• Suffix the noun with fr when it ends with f, or c.
• Suffix the noun with gr when it ends with g, or z.
• Suffix the noun with kr when it ends with k, or l.
• Suffix the noun with pr when it ends with p, or s.
• Suffix the noun with vr when it ends with v, or j.
• Suffix the noun with tr when it ends with t, th, or r.
• Suffix the noun with qr when it ends with q, or h, if before o, u, or y.
• Suffix the noun with xr when it ends with x, or h, if before a, e, or i.

Verbs are conjugated by the following:

• Singular Number
• Plural Number
• First Person
• Secon Person
• Third Person
• Past Tense
• Present Tense
• Future Tense
• Imperative Mood
• Subjunctive Mood (future subjunctive is used as a conditional mood)
• Indicative Mood

Particles

There are several particles in Modern Garuhish, used to modify nouns, pronouns and verbs, they are: {{plainlist|

• Eminentive: -sie
• Adverbializer: -fat
• Agentive (non-human): -then
• Agentive (human): '-zif
• Able Tense: ru-
• Able Tense (negative): glo-
• Continuous Aspect: pi-
• Passive Voice: ma-
• Interrogative: go-
• Negative: ku-
• Positive: ni-
• Reflexive: -oed
• Singular Definite Article: ug-
• Plural Definite Article: ak-

The articles "ug-" and "ak-"

These articles have some pretty interesting mutation patterns when prefixed onto a noun; these patterns are shown in the following table:

ug-	ak-
gb > mb	kb > mp
gc > dj	kc > tc
gd > nd	kd > nt
gdh > d	kdh > t
gf > mv	kf > mf
gg > k	kg > nk
gh > g	kh > k
gj > dj	kj > tc
gk > ng	kk > k
gl > gl	kl > kl
gm > gm	km > km
gn > gn	kn > kn
gp > mb	kp > mp
gq > x	kq > x
gr > gr	kr > kr
gs > dz	ks > ts
gt > nd	kt > nt
gth > d	kth > t
gv > mv	kf > mf
gx > q	kx > q
gz > dz	kz > ts

Syntax

Word order in Modern Garuhish is free, mostly due to the vast number of grammatical cases; however, traditionally, the word order is VSO.