Difference between revisions of "Proto-Darimic language"
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'''Proto- | '''Proto-Darimic''' is the reconstructed [[Wikipedia:Proto-language|proto-language]] for the [[Darimic languages|Darimic]] branch of the [[Tiengic languages|Tiengic]] [[Wikipedia:Language family|language family]]. | ||
{{Infobox language | {{Infobox proto-language | ||
|name | | name = Proto-Darimic | ||
|altname | | altname = | ||
| | | acceptance = | ||
| | | target = [[Darimic languages]] | ||
| region = [[Parshita]] | |||
|region | | era = 3000 BCE | ||
| | | familycolor = tieng | ||
| ancestor = [[Proto-Tiengic language|Proto-Tiengic]] | |||
| child1 = | |||
| child12 = | |||
| listclass = plainlist | |||
|familycolor | | notes = | ||
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}} | }} | ||
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===Consonants=== | ===Consonants=== | ||
Proto- | Proto-Darimic is reconstructed as having extensive series of palatalized consonants, labialized consonants, and prenasalized consonants. | ||
{| | {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" | ||
! | ! colspan="2" rowspan="2" | | ||
! style="width: | ! colspan="3" style="width: 90px; " |Bilabial | ||
! style="width: | ! colspan="3" style="width: 90px; " |Alveolar | ||
! style="width: | ! rowspan="2" style="width: 60px; " |Palatal | ||
! style="width: | ! colspan="2" style="width: 60px; " |Velar | ||
! style="width: | ! rowspan="2" style="width: 60px; " |Glottal | ||
|- | |- | ||
! style="" |Nasal | ! style="width: 30px; " | <small>plain</small> | ||
| m mʲ mʷ | ! style="width: 30px; " | <small>pal.</small> | ||
| n nʲ nʷ | ! style="width: 30px; " | <small>lab.</small> | ||
| ɲ | ! style="width: 30px; " | <small>plain</small> | ||
| ŋ ŋʷ | ! style="width: 30px; " | <small>pal.</small> | ||
! style="width: 30px; " | <small>lab.</small> | |||
! style="width: 30px; " | <small>plain</small> | |||
! style="width: 30px; " | <small>lab.</small> | |||
|- | |||
! colspan="2" style="" |Nasal | |||
| *m | |||
| *mʲ | |||
| *mʷ | |||
| *n | |||
| *nʲ | |||
| *nʷ | |||
| *ɲ | |||
| *ŋ | |||
| *ŋʷ | |||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
! | ! rowspan="3" |Plosive | ||
| ᵐb ᵐbʲ ᵐbʷ | ! <small>plain</small> | ||
| ⁿd ⁿdʲ ⁿdʷ | | *p | ||
| ᶮɟ | | *pʲ | ||
| | | *pʷ | ||
| *t | |||
| *tʲ | |||
| *tʷ | |||
| *c | |||
| *kʲ | |||
| *kʷ | |||
| *ʔ | |||
|- | |||
! <small>voiced</small> | |||
| *b | |||
| *bʲ | |||
| *bʷ | |||
| *d | |||
| *dʲ | |||
| *dʷ | |||
| *ɟ | |||
| *ɡʲ | |||
| *ɡʷ | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! <small>prenasalised</small> | |||
| *ᵐb | |||
| *ᵐbʲ | |||
| *ᵐbʷ | |||
| *ⁿd | |||
| *ⁿdʲ | |||
| *ⁿdʷ | |||
| *ᶮɟ | |||
| *ᵑɡ | |||
| *ᵑɡʷ | |||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
! style="" | | ! rowspan="3" style="" |Fricative | ||
! <small>plain</small> | |||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| | | *s | ||
| | | | ||
| | |||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! <small>voiced</small> | |||
| | |||
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| *z | |||
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| | |||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |- | ||
! | ! <small>prenasalised</small> | ||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| *ⁿz | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| | |||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
! style="" | | ! colspan="2" style="" |Approximant | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| | |||
| colspan="3" | *l | |||
| *j | |||
| | | | ||
| | |||
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|- | |||
! colspan="2" style="" |Rhotic | |||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| | |||
| colspan="3" | *r | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|} | |} | ||
===Vowels=== | ===Vowels=== | ||
In contrast with Proto- | In contrast with Proto-Darimic's extensive consonant inventory, it is reconstructed as having a minimal vertical vowel system. | ||
{| | {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" | ||
! style="width: | ! style="width: 60px; " | | ||
! style="width: | ! style="width: 80px; " |Central | ||
|- | |- | ||
! style="" |High | ! style="" |High | ||
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|- | |- | ||
! style="" |Mid | ! style="" |Mid | ||
| | | ə | ||
|- | |- | ||
! style="" |Low | ! style="" |Low | ||
| | | a | ||
|} | |} | ||
[[Category:Tiengic languages]] | [[Category:Tiengic languages]] | ||
[[Category:Darimic languages]] | |||
[[Category:Proto-languages]] | [[Category:Proto-languages]] | ||
Latest revision as of 13:08, 15 May 2023
Proto-Darimic is the reconstructed proto-language for the Darimic branch of the Tiengic language family.
Proto-Darimic | |
---|---|
Reconstruction of | Darimic languages |
Region | Parshita |
Era | 3000 BCE |
Reconstructed ancestor |
Phonology
Consonants
Proto-Darimic is reconstructed as having extensive series of palatalized consonants, labialized consonants, and prenasalized consonants.
Bilabial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
plain | pal. | lab. | plain | pal. | lab. | plain | lab. | ||||
Nasal | *m | *mʲ | *mʷ | *n | *nʲ | *nʷ | *ɲ | *ŋ | *ŋʷ | ||
Plosive | plain | *p | *pʲ | *pʷ | *t | *tʲ | *tʷ | *c | *kʲ | *kʷ | *ʔ |
voiced | *b | *bʲ | *bʷ | *d | *dʲ | *dʷ | *ɟ | *ɡʲ | *ɡʷ | ||
prenasalised | *ᵐb | *ᵐbʲ | *ᵐbʷ | *ⁿd | *ⁿdʲ | *ⁿdʷ | *ᶮɟ | *ᵑɡ | *ᵑɡʷ | ||
Fricative | plain | *s | |||||||||
voiced | *z | ||||||||||
prenasalised | *ⁿz | ||||||||||
Approximant | *l | *j | |||||||||
Rhotic | *r |
Vowels
In contrast with Proto-Darimic's extensive consonant inventory, it is reconstructed as having a minimal vertical vowel system.
Central | |
---|---|
High | ɨ |
Mid | ə |
Low | a |