Aramani language
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| Aramani | |
|---|---|
| Orumoli Orumoli | |
| Pronunciation | /oruˈmoli/ |
| Ethnicity | Aramani |
| Language family | Vaniuan
|
| Early forms: | Proto-Vaniuan
|
| Official status | |
| Official language in | Araman |
| CWS code | – |
Aramani is the official language of The Grand Duchy of Araman.
Classification
History
Phonology
Phonemes
Consonants
| Labial | Alveolar | Retroflex | Palatal | Velar | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | m | n | ɲ | ||
| Voiceless Plosive | t | k | |||
| Voiced Plosive | b | d | ɡ | ||
| Voiceless Affricate | t͡s | ʈ͡ʂ | t͡ɕ | ||
| Voiced Affricate | d͡z | ɖ͡ʐ | d͡ʑ | ||
| Voiceless Fricative | s | ʂ | ɕ | x | |
| Voiced Fricative | v | z | ʐ | ʑ | |
| Approximant | l | r | j | ɰ |
- Alveolars may be dental or true alveolar
- Velar continuants /x/ and /ɰ/ may be velar [x] and [ɰ], uvular [χ]
and [ʁ], glottal [h] and [ɦ], or in some instances even pharyngeal [ħ] and [ʕ].
- The rhotic /r/ is most often described as a trill [r] but may also be a
tap [ɾ].
- /dz/, /ʈʂ/, and /ɖʐ/ are marginal phonemes, often acting as consonant clusters; they are more commonly found in loan words and onomatopoeic expressions.
- /b/ and /v/ have voiceless allophones [p] and [f], respectively, when
preceded by voiceless obstruents; this voicing assimilation is true for other obstruents as well, but is phonemic. /p/ and /f/ may also be found in recent loan words.
- Alveolars undergo allophonic retroflexion when adjacent to a retroflex
segment. Palatalization also spreads within clusters but is phonemic.
- For more information of morphophnolgy, see the Historical Phonology
section.
Vowels
| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i | u | |
| Mid | ɘ | o | |
| Open | ɛ | ɑ |
- /ɘ/ has a wide range of phonetic realizations and is most commonly [ɪ]
following palatal consonants • /ɑ/ may be back [ɑ] or central [ä].
Phonotactics
Orthogrophy
| Letter | Name | IPA | Transliteration |
|---|---|---|---|
| L l | le le | /l/ | l |
| B b | be be | /b/ | b |
| V v | ve ve | /v/ | v |
| S s | se se | /s/ | s |
| Š š | še śe | /ɕ/ | ś |
| Z z | ze ze | /z/ | z |
| Ž ž | že źe | /ʑ/ | ź |
| D d | de de | /d/ | d |
| Ď ď | ďe dźe | /d͡ʑ/ | dź |
| T t | te te | /t/ | t |
| Ť ť | ťe će | /t͡ɕ/ | ć |
| R r | re re | /r/ | r |
| K k | ke ke | /k/ | k |
| G g | ge ge | /g/ | g |
| M m | me me | /m/ | m |
| J j | je je | /ʐ/ | j |
| C c | ce şe | /ʂ/ | ş |
| Þ þ | þe ce | /t͡s/ | c |
| Q q | qe he | /x/ | h |
| Ğ ğ | ğe ğe | /ɰ/ | ğ |
| N n | ne ne | /n/ | n |
| Ň ň | ňe ńe | /ɲ/ | ń |
| Y y | ye ye | /j/ | y |
| Æ æ | æ á | /ɛ/ | á |
| A a | a a | /ɑ/ | a |
| I i | i i | /i/ | i |
| E e | e e | /ɘ, ɛ/ | e |
| O o | o o | /o/ | o |
| U u | u u | /u/ | u |
Morphology and syntax
Vocabulary
Numbers
| 0 - mo mo | 10 - hom qom | 20 - shon sqon |
| 1 - śi ši | 11 - ceğ þeğ | 30 - mácehom mæþeqom |
| 2 - cśim þšim | 12 - muviğ muviğ | 40 - ćiyhom ťiyqom |
| 3 - máce mæþe | 13 - hid qid | 50 - cek þek |
| 4 - ćić ťiť | 14 - one one | 60 - vikhom vikqom |
| 5 - sáv sæv | 15 - ice iþe | 70 - ińhom iňqom |
| 6 - vik vik | 16 - nádu nædu | 80 - yásehom yæseqom |
| 7 - iń iň | 17 - śhoce šqoþe | 90 - yechum yeþqum |
| 8 - yáse yæse | 18 - kán kæn | 100 - táne tæne |
| 9 - yec yeþ | 19 - myğon myğon | 1000 - ćeye ťeye |