Harish language

Harish language
Harle Tally
Ethnicity	Harish people
Native speakers	38,000,000  (no date)
Language family	Tzulhonic Central-Tzulhonic Harish language
CWS code	xbf

The Harish language is a language spoken in Tzulhon by the Harish people, it is the de facto language of Tzulhon.

Classification

Harish language belongs to the Central Tzulhonic branch of Tzulhonic language family.

Phonology

Phonemes

	Labial	Dental	Alveolar	Post-alveolar and Palatal	Velar	Glottal
Nasals	m		n
Plosives and Affricates	p	t͡s	t	t͡ʃ	k
Fricatives	f v		s	ʃ		h
Sonorants			r l	j

	Front	Central	Back
Close	i		u
Mid	e		o
Open		a

Diphthongs: /ai/ /au/ /ei/ /eu/ /oi/ /ou/

Phonotactics

The syllable structure is relatively simple, the maximum possible syllable is (C)V(C)

Only vowels or coronal consonants may end a word, and most words end in a consonant end in coronal sonorants /n/, /r/ and /l/.

Harish is a syllable-timed language, there are no obvious distinctions between stressed and unstressed syllables. The primary stress usually falls on the penultimate syllable of a word.

Morphology and syntax

Morpholopgy

The morphology of Harish is mostly analytic; however, traces of inflections remain.

Nouns

Nouns don't decline for case or gender, but decline for number and definiteness.

Below is the decline for nouns:

o-nouns:

• indefinite singular: -o
• indefinite plural: -i(older -io)
• definite singular: -ato
• definite plural: -azi(older -(a)zio)

yo-nouns:

• indefinite singular: -yo
• indefinite plural: -si(older -io)
• definite singular: -to
• definite plural: -zi(older -(a)zio)

consonant-nouns:

• indefinite singular: -Ø
• indefinite plural: -i(older -io)
• definite singular: -(a)to
• definite plural: -(a)zi(older -(a)zio)

Verbs

Verbs conjugate for tense-aspect-mood, the personal agreements in older stages of Harish have been lost.

The conjugation of verbs are listed below:

• Infinitive: -er
• Present: -e
• Past: -a
• Future: -o
• Subjunctive: -u
• Imperative: -i
• Prohibitive: -in
• Adverbial: -an

The subjunctive mood is used for counterfactual speech, and also used for the negation of a sentence in the past tense.

Most verbs are regular, there are only few irregular verbs, namely evo "to be(copula)".

Derivational morphology

Derivational affixes

While the Harish language is mostly analytic, several derivational affixes exist, and derivational affixes play an important role in creating new words.

Syntax

Word Order

The word order features are listed below:

• Basic Word Order: Subject-Object-Verb(SOV)
• Adpositions are postpositions
• Conjuctions are in the initial position of the clause
• Negations directly precede the word they negate.
• Demonstratives, articles, numerals, possessors precede the noun they modify; Adjectives may precede or follow the noun they modify; Relative clauses follow the noun they modify.

Verb framing

The Harish language is a satellite-framed language, that is, the motion path is typically encoded by prepositions and adverbs, and its verbs usually show manner of motion.

Vocabulary

Most words of the Harish language are inherited from Old Harish; however, there are some loanwords from Middle Kwang and modern Kwang, usually through the Wanabi language.