Difference between revisions of "Nevesh language"
m (Ava moved page Nevesh to Nevesh language) |
|||
| (3 intermediate revisions by 2 users not shown) | |||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
{{Infobox language | {{Infobox language | ||
|name = | |name = Nevesh | ||
|altname = Modern Neviran | |altname = Modern Neviran | ||
|nativename = | |nativename = Neveśim | ||
|pronunciation = | |pronunciation = | ||
|states (state) = [[Nevira]] | |states (state) = [[Nevira]] | ||
| Line 38: | Line 38: | ||
==Background== | ==Background== | ||
'''Nevesh''', also known as Neviran, Modern Neviran, or Standard Neviran, is a prominent language in [[Ekuosia]] with at least 90 million native speakers and an additional surplus of 100 million second-language speakers, mostly within the country of [[Nevira]], where it is the official language. It is also retained as a minority language in some of its [[Saruan Empire|former colonies]]. Like other [[Ekuo-Lahiri]] languages, it is a direct-inverse language featuring an animacy hierarchy. As with its closer Adzamic cousins, it has a robust consonant inventory including ejectives. | |||
==Phonology== | ==Phonology== | ||
| Line 141: | Line 141: | ||
===Phonotactics=== | ===Phonotactics=== | ||
===Orthography=== | ===Orthography=== | ||
Nevesh uses its own script, a derivative of the [[Adzamic script]] in the [[Ekuosian script family]]. | |||
The romanization is IPA-based, except for: | The romanization is IPA-based, except for: | ||
| Line 173: | Line 172: | ||
As a direct-inverse language, thematic role of the nouns is indicated by the presence or absence of an inverse marker. If absent, the sentence is SO. If present, it is OS. | As a direct-inverse language, thematic role of the nouns is indicated by the presence or absence of an inverse marker. If absent, the sentence is SO. If present, it is OS. | ||
[[Category:Languages]][[Category: | [[Category:Neviran language]][[Category:Languages]][[Category:Neviric languages]][[Category:Nevira]] | ||
Latest revision as of 17:35, 27 March 2022
| Nevesh | |
|---|---|
| Modern Neviran Neveśim | |
| Native speakers | 200 million? (no date) |
| Language family | |
| Official status | |
| Official language in | Nevira |
| CWS code | nva |
Background
Nevesh, also known as Neviran, Modern Neviran, or Standard Neviran, is a prominent language in Ekuosia with at least 90 million native speakers and an additional surplus of 100 million second-language speakers, mostly within the country of Nevira, where it is the official language. It is also retained as a minority language in some of its former colonies. Like other Ekuo-Lahiri languages, it is a direct-inverse language featuring an animacy hierarchy. As with its closer Adzamic cousins, it has a robust consonant inventory including ejectives.
Phonology
Consonants
| Bilabial | Dental | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | m m: | n n: | |||||
| Plosive | Plain | p b | t d | c | k g | q ɢ | |
| Geminate | b: | t: d: | c: ɟ: | k: | q: | ||
| Ejective | p' | t' | c' | k' | q' | ||
| Fricative | ɸ β | θ ð | s s: z | ç ʝ | ɣ | ||
| Approximant | ɹ | j | ɰ | ||||
| Trill | r | ||||||
| Lateral app. | l l: | ||||||
Vowels
| Front | Central | Back | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i | ʉ | u | |||
| Mid | ɛ | ə | o | |||
| Open | a | ɒ | ||||
Phonotactics
Orthography
Nevesh uses its own script, a derivative of the Adzamic script in the Ekuosian script family.
The romanization is IPA-based, except for:
- /C:/ CC
- /C'/ Ċ
- /ɢ/ gg
- /ɸ β/ f v
- /θ ð/ ŧ đ
- /ç ʝ/ ś ź
- /ɣ/ x
- /ɹ r/ r rr
- /j ɰ/ y w
- /ʉ ə/ ü ö
- /ɛ/ e
- /ɒ/ a
Grammar
Morphology
The morphology of nouns is fairly simply, as they encode only animacy, number, and state (possessed/ non-possessed). This occurs in a fused suffix.
Verbs are much more complicated, encoding tense, aspect, mood, negation, and may indicate subject and/or object, and may incorporate a 'manner' (typically an adverb, but sometimes another verb or an object), making the language technically polysynthetic.
Syntax
Nominal order follows the animacy hierarchy, which is: 1st person, 2nd person, Sentient, Sacred, Animate, Impactful, Immaterial, Inanimate, and Degenerate. The verb typically appears after its final argument but before any complements, so in effect, the typical word order is SOVI; but the verb can appear later or earlier to emphasize itself or certain nominal elements.
As a direct-inverse language, thematic role of the nouns is indicated by the presence or absence of an inverse marker. If absent, the sentence is SO. If present, it is OS.