Vayama |
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Wayama, Wlaymna, Layana Vayama, Wayama, Wlaymna, Layana |
Pronunciation | /ʋajama/, /wajama/, /l̼ajan̼a/, /l̪ajan̪a/ |
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Language family | |
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Early forms: | |
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Dialects | A, B, C, D, E |
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CWS code | – |
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Vayama (also Wayama, Wlayamna, and Layana) is a dialect continuum spoken in southwestern Manea. Its main dialects are labeled A, B, C, D, and E.
Classification
Vayama is a Ngerupic language which is decended from WWM.
History
Phonology and Orthography
Vayama is infamous for its consonantal chain shift occurring in some dialects.
Phonemes
Consonants (A)
|
Labial
|
Dental
|
Post-Alveolar
|
Palatal
|
Velar
|
Nasal
|
m ⟨m⟩
|
n̪ ⟨n⟩
|
ɳ ⟨rn⟩
|
ɲ ⟨nh⟩
|
ŋ ⟨ng⟩
|
Plosive
|
p ⟨p⟩
|
t̪ ⟨t⟩
|
ʈ ⟨rt⟩
|
c ⟨ch⟩
|
k ⟨k⟩
|
Approximant
|
ʋ ⟨v⟩
|
l̪ ⟨l⟩
|
ɻ ⟨r⟩
|
j ⟨y⟩
|
|
Consonants (B, C)
|
Labial
|
Dental
|
Post-Alveolar
|
Dorasal
|
Glottal
|
Nasal
|
m ⟨m⟩
|
n̪ ⟨n⟩
|
ɳ ⟨rn⟩
|
ŋ ⟨ng⟩
|
|
Plosive
|
p ⟨p⟩
|
t̪ ⟨t⟩
|
ʈ ⟨rt⟩
|
k ⟨k⟩
|
ʔ ⟨'⟩
|
Approximant
|
w ⟨w⟩
|
l̪ ⟨l⟩
|
ɻ ⟨r⟩
|
j ⟨y⟩
|
h1 ⟨h⟩
|
1 [h̃] in Dialect B
Consonants (D)
|
Labial
|
Linguolabial
|
Retroflex
|
Palato-Alveolar
|
Dorsal
|
Glottal
|
Nasal
|
m ⟨m⟩
|
n̼ ⟨mn⟩
|
ɳ ⟨rn⟩
|
nʲ ⟨nh⟩
|
ŋ ⟨ng⟩
|
|
Plosive
|
|
t̼ ⟨pt⟩
|
ʈ ⟨rt⟩
|
tʲ ⟨th⟩
|
k ⟨k⟩
|
ʔ ⟨'⟩
|
Approximant
|
|
l̼ ⟨wl⟩
|
ɻ ⟨r⟩
|
lʲ ⟨lh⟩
|
j ⟨y⟩
|
h ⟨h⟩
|
Consonants (E)
|
Labial
|
Dental
|
Retroflex
|
Palatal
|
Velar
|
Glottal
|
Nasal
|
m ⟨m⟩
|
n̪ ⟨n⟩
|
ɳ ⟨rn⟩
|
ɲ ⟨nh⟩
|
ŋ ⟨ng⟩
|
|
Plosive
|
|
t̪ ⟨t⟩
|
ʈ ⟨rt⟩
|
c ⟨ch⟩
|
k ⟨k⟩
|
ʔ ⟨'⟩
|
Approximant
|
|
l̪ ⟨l⟩
|
ɻ ⟨r⟩
|
j ⟨y⟩
|
|
h ⟨h⟩
|
Vowels (A, B)
|
Front
|
Back
|
Close
|
i ⟨i⟩
|
u ⟨u⟩
|
Mid
|
e ⟨e⟩
|
o ⟨o⟩
|
Open
|
|
a ⟨a⟩
|
Vowels (C, D, E)
|
Front
|
Back
|
Close
|
i ĩ ⟨i į⟩
|
u ũ ⟨u ų⟩
|
Open
|
|
a ã ⟨a ą⟩
|
Phonotactics
Morphology and syntax
Vocabulary
Writing and literature
See also