Difference between revisions of "Ngerupic languages"

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{{Infobox language family
{{Infobox language family
|name        = Ngerupic
|name        = Ngerupic
|region      = [[Akulanen]], [[Soltenna]] and [[Ekuosia]]: [[Amerhan]], [[Awarahl]], [[Awating]], [[Barradiwa]], [[Bomhan]], [[Bosato]], [[Cerman]], [[Ebo Nganagam]], [[Kadya]], [[Karduv]], [[Lutya]], [[Magali]], [[Mänea]], [[Qonklaks]], [[Quaxin Xun]], [[Riyana]], [[Seang Pe]], [[Shohai]], [[Utol]], [[Yachiro]], [[Zaizung]].
|region      = [[Akulanen]], [[Soltenna]] and [[Ekuosia]]
|familycolor  = ngerupic
|familycolor  = ngerupic
|family      = One of the world's primary [[Wikipedia:Language family|language families]]
|family      = One of Sahar's primary [[List of language families#Language families|language families]]
|protoname    = [[Wa Ñi language|Wa Ñi]]
|protoname    = [[Wa Ñi language|Wa Ñi]]
|iso3        = wan
|iso3        =  
|map          =  
|map          =  
|mapcaption  =  
|mapcaption  =  
}}
}}


The '''Ngerupic languages''' are a [[Wikipedia:Language family|language family]] comprising about 100 languages of southwestern [[Miraria]], primarily the [[Akulanen]] and [[Soltenna]] regions, which are all descended from [[Wa Ñi language|Wa Ñi]]. They are spoken by about 500 million people in total. The official languages of [[Amerhan]], [[Awarahl]], [[Cerman]], [[Kadya]], [[Lutya]], [[Magali]], [[Shohai]], [[Utol]], [[Quaxin Xun]], [[Qonklaks]], [[Yachiro]], and [[Zaizung]] are Ngerupic, while Ngerupic languages are spoken by substantial populations in [[Barradiwa]], [[Riyana]], and [[Bosato]].
The '''Ngerupic languages''' are a [[Wikipedia:Language family|language family]] comprising about 100 languages of southwestern [[Miraria]], primarily the [[Akulanen]] and [[Soltenna]] regions, which are all descended from [[Wa Ñi language|Wa Ñi]]. They are spoken by about 500 million people in total. The official languages of [[Amerhan]], [[Awarahl]], [[Cerman]], [[Kadya]], [[Karduv]], [[Lutya]], [[Magali]], [[Shohai]], [[Utol]], [[Quaxin Xun]], [[Qonklaks]], [[Yachiro]], and [[Zaizung]] are Ngerupic, while Ngerupic languages are spoken by substantial populations in [[Barradiwa]], [[Riyana]], and [[Bosato]].


Since Wa Ñi was spoken around 5000 years ago, the present-day languages have diverged substantially. [[Magali]] is the area of greatest diversity, with more than half the Ngerupic languages spoken there. Due to the expansion of [[Yatååkåå language|Yatååkåå]] within Magali, the regions of greatest diversity are the relatively inaccessible mountainous central and northwest regions of [[Magali]]. Other regions with many smaller Ngerupic languages include [[Shohai]] and [[Awarahl]].
Since Wa Ñi was spoken around 5000 years ago, the present-day languages have diverged substantially. [[Magali]] is the area of greatest diversity, with more than half the Ngerupic languages spoken there. Due to the expansion of [[Yatååkåå language|Yatååkåå]] within Magali, the regions of greatest diversity are the relatively inaccessible mountainous central and northwest regions of [[Magali]]. Other regions with many smaller Ngerupic languages include [[Shohai]] and [[Awarahl]].
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! Language !! Classification !! Number of native speakers !! Location
! Language !! Classification !! Number of native speakers !! Location
|-
|-
| [[Terminian language]] || Termic || 160,000,000 || [[Cerman]], [[Amerhan]], amongst others
| [[Terminian language|Terminian]] || Termic || 160,000,000 || [[Cerman]], [[Amerhan]], amongst others
|-
|-
| [[Kwang language]] || Kwangic || 95,000,000 (depends on which lects one considers) || [[Qonklaks]], [[Karduv]], [[Zaizung]], [[Quaxin Xun]] amongst others
| [[Kwang language|Kwang]] || Quoncic || 95,000,000 (dialect chain) || [[Qonklaks]], [[Karduv]], [[Zaizung]], [[Quaxin Xun]] amongst others
|-
|-
| [[Karduvic language ]] || Kwangic || 30,000,000 (maybe less idk -log) || [[Karduv]], [[Qonklaks]] (Northeast)  
| [[Karduvic language|Karduvic]] || Quoncic || 36,000,000 || [[Karduv]], [[Qonklaks]] (Northeast)  
|-
|-
| [[Awatese language]] || Mañic: Awato-Mänean || 22,600,000 || [[Awating]]
| [[Awatese language|Awatese]] || Mañic: Awato-Manean || 22,677,500 || [[Awating]]
|-
|-
| [[Zaizung Languages]] || Mañic || 18,000,000 || [[Zaizung]]
| [[Manean language|Manean]] || Mañic: Awato-Manean || 22,500,000 || [[Manea]]
|-
|-
| [[Yachiroese language]] || Mañic || 17,000,000 (could be wrong -log) || [[Yachiro]]
| [[Standard Zaizung language|Zaizung]] || Mañic || 18,000,000 || [[Zaizung]]
|-
|-
| [[Mänean language]] || Mañic: Awato-Mänean || ??,000,000 (idk -proton) || [[Mänea]]
| [[Yachiroese language|Yachiroese]] || Mañic || 17,000,000 (could be wrong -log) || [[Yachiro]]
|-
|-
| [[Hlung language]] || Mañic || 15,200,000 || [[Quaxin Xun]] (Southeast)
| [[Hlung language|Hlung]] || Mañic || 15,200,000 || [[Quaxin Xun]] (Southeast)
|-
|-
| [[Yatååkåå language]] || Ounyu || 15,000,000 || [[Magali]] (Northeast), [[Shohai]] (Northwest)
| [[Yatååkåå language|Yatååkåå]] || Ounyu || 15,000,000 || [[Magali]] (Northeast), [[Shohai]] (Northwest)
|-
|-
| [[Ngkayanyawaanya language]] || Umic || 14,000,000 || [[Magali]] (Southwest)
| [[Ngkayanyawaanya language|Ngkayanyawaanya]] || Umic || 14,000,000 || [[Magali]] (Southwest)
|-
|-
| [[Utoyyi language]] || Termic: South Terminian || 10~15,000,000 (dialect chain) || Utol
| [[Utoyyi language|Utoyyi]] || Termic: South Terminian || 10~15,000,000 (dialect chain) || Utol
|-
|-
| [[Ndxiixun language]] || Mañic: Tuŋñi || 13,500,000 || [[Quaxin Xun]] (Central)
| [[Ndxiixun language|Ndxiixun]] || Mañic: Tuŋñi || 13,500,000 || [[Quaxin Xun]] (Central)
|-
|-
| [[Nichoh language]] || Mañic: Tuŋñi || 9,300,000 || [[Quaxin Xun]] (West-central)
| [[Maypaw language|Maypaw]] || Mañic || 9,300,000 || [[Quaxin Xun]] (Northwest)
|-
|-
| [[Sąñàwa language]] || Mañic || 9,000,000 || [[Kadya]] (South), [[Xynderland|Seret]]
| [[Sąñàwa language|Sąñàwa]] || Mañic || 9,000,000 || [[Kadya]] (South), [[Xynderland|Seret]]
|-
|-
| [[Amerhani language]] || Termic || 4~6,000,000 (dialect chain) || [[Amerhan]]
| [[Lutyan language|Lutyan]] || Ghonoid || 8,400,000 || [[Lutya]]
|-
|-
| [[Baridus language]] || Termic || 4,300,000 || [[Barradiwa]] ([[Baridia]])
| [[Amerhani language|Amerhani]] || Termic || 4~6,000,000 (dialect chain) || [[Amerhan]]
|-
|-
| [[Yashuhay language]] || Ounyu: Shohue || 2,000,000 || [[Shohai]] (Northwest)
| [[Baridus language|Baridus]] || Termic || 4,300,000 || [[Barradiwa]] ([[Baridia]])
|-
|-
| [[Yako'e language]] || Ounyu: Shohue || 1,000,000 || [[Shohai]] (Central-south)
| [[Nichoh language|Nichoh]] || Mañic: Tuŋñi || 3,600,000 || [[Quaxin Xun]] (West-central)
|-
|-
| [[Yachanooli language]] || Mañic || 300,000 || [[Shohai]] (Northeast)
| [[Yashuhay language|Yashuhay]] || Ounyu: Shohue || 2,000,000 || [[Shohai]] (Northwest)
|-
|-
| [[Ngigu language]] || Umic || 268,000 || [[Awating]] (Southern)
| [[Yako'e language|Yako'e]] || Ounyu: Shohue || 1,000,000 || [[Shohai]] (Central-south)
|-
|-
| [[Waľavaľwa language]] || Ounyu || 95,000 || [[Quaxin Xun]] (Insular)
| [[Ndawá language|Ndawá]] || Mañic || 825,000 || [[Magali]] (North), [[Awating]] (Far northwest)
|-
|-
| [[Kyathros language]] || Ounyu: Shohue || 15,000 || [[Amerhan]] (Northeast)
| [[Yachanooli language|Yachanooli]] || Mañic || 300,000 || [[Shohai]] (Northeast)
|-
|-
| [[Bilemã language]] || Termic || 200 || [[Awating]] (Central-southern)
| [[Ekerukoi language|Ekerukoi]] || Ounyu: Shohue || 100,000 || [[Shohai]] (Southwest)
|-
| [[Waľavaľwa language|Waľavaľwa]] || Ounyu || 95,000 || [[Quaxin Xun]] (Insular)
|-
| [[Ngigu language|Ngigu]] || Umic || 65,000 || [[Awating]] (South)
|-
| [[Erushka language|Erushka]] || Ghonoid: Erushkaic || 30,000 || [[Amerhan]] (West)
|-
| [[Kyathros language|Kyathros]] || Ounyu: Shohue || 15,000 || [[Amerhan]] (Northeast)
|-
| [[Bilemã language|Bilemã]] || Termic || 4,000 || [[Awating]] (Central-south)
|}
|}


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[[Wa Ñi language|Wa Ñi]]
[[Wa Ñi language|Wa Ñi]]
*[[Proto-Kwang language]]: ([[Kwangic languages]])
*[[Proto-Kwang language|Proto-Kwang]]: ([[Kwangic languages]])
**[[Middle Kwang language]]
**[[Middle Kwang language|Middle Kwang]]
***[[Kwang language|Standard Kwang language]]
***[[Kwang language|Standard Kwang]]
***[[Awarahli Kwang language]]
***[[Awarahli Kwang language|Awarahli Kwang]]
***[[Xuni Kwang language]]
***[[Xuni Kwang language|Xuni Kwang]]
**[[Seang Pe language]]
**[[Seang Pe language|Seang Pe]]
**[[Karduvic language]]
**[[Karduvic language|Karduvic]]
**[[Hlao language]]
**[[Manean Kwang language|Manean Kwang]]
*[[Mañi language]]: ([[Mañic languages]])
*[[Mañi language|Mañi]]: ([[Mañic languages]])
**[[Hlung language]]
**[[Hlung language|Hlung]]
**[[Maypawh language]]
**[[Maypaw language|Maypaw]]
**[[Tuŋñi languages]]
**[[Tuŋñi languages]]
***[[Ndxiixun language]]
***[[Ndxiixun language|Ndxiixun]]
***[[Ñichôh language]]
***[[Ñichôh language|Ñichôh]]
**[[Zaizung Mañi languages]]
**[[Zaizung Mañi languages]]
**[[Yachiroese Language|Yachiroese language]]
**[[Yachiroese Language|Yachiroese]]
**[[Awato-Mänean languages]]
**[[Awato-Manean languages]]
***[[Awatese language]]
***[[Awatese language|Awatese]]
***[[Mänean language]]
***[[Manean language|Manean]]
***[[North Islander language]]
**[[Shohuese Mañi]]
**[[Shohuese Mañi]]
***[[Yachanóoli language]]
***[[Yachanóoli language|Yachanóoli]]
*[[Wu Eendehen language]]: WIP
**[[Ndawá language|Ndawá]]
*[[Wanyima-Wanyuu language]]: [[Ounyu languages]] (name Ounyu comes from the Wu Eendehen phrase for 'new language', o2 uñu3, adapted into Yatååkåå)
*[[Wu Eendehen language|Wu Eendehen]]
**[[Yatååkåå language]]
*[[Wanyima-Wanyuu language|Wanyima-Wanyuu]]: ([[Ounyu languages]])
**[[Waľavaľwa language]]
**[[Yatååkåå language|Yatååkåå]]
**[[Aju-Ngajama language]]
**[[Waľavaľwa language|Waľavaľwa]]
**[[Classical Shohue language]] ([[Shohue languages]])
**[[Vayama language|Vayama]]
***[[Yashuhay language]]
**[[Aju-Ngajama language|Aju-Ngajama]]
***[[Yako'e language]]
**[[Classical Shohue language|Classical Shohue]] ([[Shohue languages]])
***[[Kyathros language]]
***[[Yashuhay language|Yashuhay]]
*[[Uemaua languages]]
***[[Yako'e language|Yako'e]]
**[[Ngigu language]]
***[[Kyathros language|Kyathros]]
*[[Ghoni language]]
***[[Ekerukoi language|Ekerukoi]]
**[[Classical Lutyan language]]
*[[Uemaua language|Uemaua]]: ([[Umic languages]])
*[[Terminian language#Old Terminian|Old Terminian language]] ([[Termic languages]])
**[[Ngigu language|Ngigu]]
**[[Terminian language#Middle Terminian|Middle Terminian language]]
**[[Ngkayanyawaanya language|Ngkayanyawaanya]]
***[[Terminian language]]
*[[Ghoni language|Ghoni]] ([[Ghonoid languages]])
***[[Amerhani language]]
**[[Classical Lutyan language|Classical Lutyan]]
**[[Baridus language]]
***[[Lutyan language|Lutyan]]
**[[Bilemã language]]
*[[Old Terminian language|Old Terminian]] ([[Termic languages]])
**[[Old South Terminian language]]
**[[Middle Terminian language|Middle Terminian]]
***[[Utoyyi language]]
***[[Terminian language|Terminian]]
***[[Bomhani language]]
***[[Amerhani language|Amerhani]]
**[[Baridus language|Baridus]]
**[[Bilemã language|Bilemã]]
**[[Utoyyi language|Utoyyi]]


==Typology==
==Typology==
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*marked mood on verb
*marked mood on verb


[[Category:Ngerupic languages]]
==Comparison==
 
<gallery mode=packed heights=600>
NgupSet pray.png|IPA comparison of ''*pray'' reflexes
NgupSet cexoco.png|IPA comparison of the numeral 'ten' (''*cexoco'')
</gallery>
 
==Further Reading==
{{Ngerupic languages}}
{{Language families of Miraria}}
{{Language families}}
 
[[Category:Ngerupic languages|*]]
[[Category:Language families]]
[[Category:Language families]]
[[Category:Language families of Miraria]]
[[Category:Language families of Akulanen]]
[[Category:Language families of Akulanen]]
[[Category:Language families of Soltenna]]
[[Category:Language families of Soltenna]]
[[Category:Language families of Baredina]]
[[Category:Language families of Ekuosia]]
[[Category:Language families of Ekuosia]]
[[Category:Akulanen]]

Latest revision as of 19:54, 27 October 2023

Ngerupic
Geographic
distribution:		Akulanen, Soltenna and Ekuosia
Linguistic classification:One of Sahar's primary language families
Proto-language:Wa Ñi
CWS code–

The Ngerupic languages are a language family comprising about 100 languages of southwestern Miraria, primarily the Akulanen and Soltenna regions, which are all descended from Wa Ñi. They are spoken by about 500 million people in total. The official languages of Amerhan, Awarahl, Cerman, Kadya, Karduv, Lutya, Magali, Shohai, Utol, Quaxin Xun, Qonklaks, Yachiro, and Zaizung are Ngerupic, while Ngerupic languages are spoken by substantial populations in Barradiwa, Riyana, and Bosato.

Since Wa Ñi was spoken around 5000 years ago, the present-day languages have diverged substantially. Magali is the area of greatest diversity, with more than half the Ngerupic languages spoken there. Due to the expansion of Yatååkåå within Magali, the regions of greatest diversity are the relatively inaccessible mountainous central and northwest regions of Magali. Other regions with many smaller Ngerupic languages include Shohai and Awarahl.

The most-spoken Ngerupic languages on Sahar are Terminian, Awatese, Yatååkåå, Karduvic and Kwang, each with more than 10 million speakers. In contrast, many Ngerupic languages of Awarahl, northwestern Amerhan and rural Magali are highly endangered, with less than a hundred thousand speakers each.

Languages

Language Classification Number of native speakers Location
Terminian Termic 160,000,000 Cerman, Amerhan, amongst others
Kwang Quoncic 95,000,000 (dialect chain) Qonklaks, Karduv, Zaizung, Quaxin Xun amongst others
Karduvic Quoncic 36,000,000 Karduv, Qonklaks (Northeast)
Awatese Mañic: Awato-Manean 22,677,500 Awating
Manean Mañic: Awato-Manean 22,500,000 Manea
Zaizung Mañic 18,000,000 Zaizung
Yachiroese Mañic 17,000,000 (could be wrong -log) Yachiro
Hlung Mañic 15,200,000 Quaxin Xun (Southeast)
Yatååkåå Ounyu 15,000,000 Magali (Northeast), Shohai (Northwest)
Ngkayanyawaanya Umic 14,000,000 Magali (Southwest)
Utoyyi Termic: South Terminian 10~15,000,000 (dialect chain) Utol
Ndxiixun Mañic: Tuŋñi 13,500,000 Quaxin Xun (Central)
Maypaw Mañic 9,300,000 Quaxin Xun (Northwest)
Sąñàwa Mañic 9,000,000 Kadya (South), Seret
Lutyan Ghonoid 8,400,000 Lutya
Amerhani Termic 4~6,000,000 (dialect chain) Amerhan
Baridus Termic 4,300,000 Barradiwa (Baridia)
Nichoh Mañic: Tuŋñi 3,600,000 Quaxin Xun (West-central)
Yashuhay Ounyu: Shohue 2,000,000 Shohai (Northwest)
Yako'e Ounyu: Shohue 1,000,000 Shohai (Central-south)
Ndawá Mañic 825,000 Magali (North), Awating (Far northwest)
Yachanooli Mañic 300,000 Shohai (Northeast)
Ekerukoi Ounyu: Shohue 100,000 Shohai (Southwest)
Waľavaľwa Ounyu 95,000 Quaxin Xun (Insular)
Ngigu Umic 65,000 Awating (South)
Erushka Ghonoid: Erushkaic 30,000 Amerhan (West)
Kyathros Ounyu: Shohue 15,000 Amerhan (Northeast)
Bilemã Termic 4,000 Awating (Central-south)

Taxonomy

The first-order daughters of Wa Ñi seem to have formed a dialect continuum, with subsequent diversification especially in northwest and central Magali. The most commonly agreed-upon taxonomy of Ngerupic languages runs as follows, with primary branches from north to south:

Wa Ñi

Typology

Ngerupic languages are extremely diverse in typology, but some common characteristics are:

  • small phonemic inventories, with little phonation contrast
  • many sonorants, especially laterals and rhotics
  • tone
  • nasalized vowels
  • simple syllable structure
  • noun classes with distinct singular and plural classes
  • subject and possibly object prefixes on verbs
  • compounding as main form of derivation
  • head-initial
  • marked mood on verb

Comparison

  • IPA comparison of *pray reflexes

  • IPA comparison of the numeral 'ten' (*cexoco)

Further Reading

Retrieved from "https://wiki.conworkshop.com/index.php?title=Ngerupic_languages&oldid=75690"